Is 7% a guarantee?+
No. It is a common long-run illustration rate for a diversified stock portfolio before inflation. Actual returns vary enormously year to year and the order they arrive in matters.
Are fees and taxes included?+
No. Pair this with the investment fee drag calculator to see what an expense ratio does over the same horizon.
Should I use a real or nominal return?+
If you enter a nominal rate like 7%, the ending balance is in future dollars. Subtract expected inflation, so use about 4 to 5%, if you want the answer in today's buying power.
Why does the timeline chart bend upward instead of running straight?+
Because growth compounds on growth. The gap between the balance line and the contributions line is the return doing the work, and it widens every year.
Are these numbers financial advice?+
No. They are educational estimates based on the inputs and assumptions on this page. Confirm important decisions with a qualified professional and your own documents.